Effect of Far Red Light on The Growth of Wheat
As the human population continues to increase, so does the demand for food. Coupled with increasingly limited arable land due to the growing population and the continuing urbanization of the globe, there is a need to develop new farming methods that produce greater yields in smaller spaces.
The use of light-emitting diode technology (LED) to grow crops under controlled environmental conditions can significantly reduce energy consumption. Wheat, one of the world's most important food crops, can also be grown indoors to increase yields.
Lighting includes both light duration and light intensity. The growth and development process of wheat is the process by which the wheat stalks and leaves convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and other nutrients, and accumulate and transfer them with the participation and exposure of light. Therefore, light is the driving force for wheat growth and development, the basic element and necessary condition for photosynthetic production of wheat, and directly affects the formation of wheat yield and quality.
In addition to blue and red LEDs, the addition of far-red light results in larger oat and barley plants and higher yields. When natural days are short, low-intensity (photoperiodic) lighting is often used to promote flowering of long-day plants. For some long-day plants, such as wheat, flowering is most accelerated when photoperiodic lighting contains both red and far-red radiation
Far-red light affects the redox state of thiols mainly by modulating the ratio of reduced/oxidized states of redox-sensitive metabolites such as glutamylcysteine, cysteine, and glutathione. blue conditions stimulate the metabolism of proline.
After irradiation with far red light, photosensitive pigments of Pr and Pfr type are transformed, which in turn stimulates physiological activity of wheat and promotes germination, growth and development of wheat seeds.
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